ty, but negative results do not rule out TBM. CSF GeneXpert provided quick results. Placement of Ommaya reservoir in TBM stage II and III with hydrocephalus was not successful. Hydrocephalus was managed conservatively with success (53%).Myelomeningocele (MMC) is the most common cause of neurogenic bladder dysfunction in children. Neurogenic bladder dysfunction is developed before birth due to autonomous nervous system affected prenatally in patients with MMC. The aim of this study was to share urodynamic study findings before MMC repair and to discuss the correlation with neurological evaluation.
We prospectively studied 37 patients who underwent surgery for MMC repair in our institution in the first 20?h of their lives between 2013 and 2016. All patients were evaluated by a neurosurgeon, neonatologist, and pediatric surgeon. Urodynamic study was performed in first 18h of life before MMC repair in all patients. Lesion level, occurrence of hydrocephalus, neurological functions, spinal deformities, and urodynamic study results were analyzed.
The study included 18 female and 19 male patients. Overactive detrusor was detected in 22 patients, and hypoactive detrusor was detected in 5 patients. Overactive sphincter muscle was detected in 32 patients, and hypoactive sphincter was detected in 2 patients. Detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia was present in 34 patients.
Detailed analysis of urodynamic study findings in larger patient groups may be important to understand the physiopathology of prenatal damage in patients with MMC.
Detailed analysis of urodynamic study findings in larger patient groups may be important to understand the physiopathology of prenatal damage in patients with MMC.Dynamic surface provides proprioceptive and vestibular feedback with optimal level of arousal. The activities on unstable environment have greater sensorimotor experiences. There is a lack of evidence examining the benefits of dynamic surface exercise training (DSET) among the children with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy (CP).
The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of dynamic surface exercises on trunk control and gross motor functions in children with quadriplegic CP.
A total of 30 children with spastic quadriplegic CP with Gross Motor Function Classification System of levels III and IV were recruited by the simple random sampling method (random number generator) to participate in this randomized controlled study. Recruited children were randomly divided into two groups, DSET group and standard physiotherapy training group. Both the groups received active training program lasting for 60?min, 4 days/week for 6 weeks. Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)-88 and Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) scores were recorded at baseline, and at the end of 6-week post-intervention.
Total 30 children with quadriplegic CP with mean age 6.64 ± 2.15 years in experimental group and 6.50 ±1.59 years in control group participated in the study. Experimental group showed a significant difference for GMFM and PBS scores between pre- and post-intervention with &lt; 0.005. A significant difference was observed in GMFM scores between experimental and control group with &lt; 0.005.
Six-week dynamic surface exercise therapy along with standard physiotherapy was effective in improving trunk control and gross motor function performance among children with spastic quadriplegic CP aged 6-12 years.
Six-week dynamic surface exercise therapy along with standard physiotherapy was effective in improving trunk control and gross motor function performance among children with spastic quadriplegic CP aged 6-12 years.Tuberculosis continues to be a major infectious disease in developing parts of the world. Primarily central nervous system tuberculosis manifests as meningitis, tuberculoma, or a brain abscess; however, rarely it may manifest as a large neoplastic mass such as lesion known as giant tuberculoma. Especially in central parts of India, the incidence of giant tuberculoma is quite high in pediatric population that too in posterior fossa of brain. Often, they are wrongly reported as neoplastic masses on imaging. The objective of this study was to evaluate different imaging appearances of a giant tuberculoma.
In this prospective study, all cases of giant tuberculoma presenting to a large tertiary care center in central India for 2 years (duration 2016-2018) were imaged and followed up. A total of nine patients, six females and three males, aged 4-16 years were studied on a 3-Tesla Siemens magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner.
In total, nine patients were included with 11 giant tuberculomas. Of 11, eight were infratentorial and three were supratentorial in location. On T2-weighted image sequence, these lesions showed central hypointensity with a peripheral hyperintense rim. Most observed finding on T1-weighted image sequence was central isointensity with peripheral hyperintense rim. Advanced imaging sequences such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetization transfer were also applied.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest series of giant tuberculoma in the pediatric population reported so far in any part of the world. We have described the various MRI imaging findings of this lesion in great details. Management of such rare cases and pertinent literature is reviewed briefly.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest series of giant tuberculoma in the pediatric population reported so far in any part of the world. We have described the various MRI imaging findings of this lesion in great details. Management of such rare cases and pertinent literature is reviewed briefly.Tactile localization (TL) is one of the standard assessments to be performed under combined cortical sensory assessment. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AG14361.html TL is the ability to locate the point of sensory contact and surprisingly, till date there is no normal reference available for estimating TL. Hence, there is a need to calculate the normative reference of TL among school-going children aged between 8 and 13 years.
A total of 365 healthy school-going children aged between 8 and 13 years were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Children with any neurological condition and other conditions, which prevent them from taking part in the study were excluded. The sample was recruited by stratified random sampling method from the recognized schools in Ambala district, Haryana, India. After the anthropometric measurements, TL acuity was established by point-to-point tactile localization (PPTL) technique. In this technique, the children were asked to relocate the point of contact made by the investigator over identified 15 areas, and after that the distance between the point of contact made by the principal investigator and the relocation point made by the children is measured in centimeters (cm).